ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the prevalence of physical activity and its influencing factors in rural residents in Shanxi and Chongqing.Methods In four counties (districts) of Shanxi and Chongqing,local residents aged ≥ 18 who lived there for more than one year and had no plan to migrate to other areas in 2 years were surveyed through face to face questionnaire interviews to collect the information about their daily physical activity time,sedentary time,related knowledge and attitude,and others.Results The physical inactivity rate of the residents was 14.9％,and 88.7％ of residents never took daily physical activity.The average sedentary time was (3.91 ± 2.06) hours.The results of multivariate analysis showed that education level,per capita monthly income and activity degree were the factors influencing physical inactivity.Conclusion The proportion of people who never took daily physical activity in the survey area was higher than the average level in rural areas in China,so measures should be taken to improve the overall rate of physical activity.For people who have exercise willingness,but have no practice,and those who have already increased their physical activities,targeted guidance is needed on the basis of strengthened health education.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the prevalence of physical activity and its influencing factors in rural residents in Shanxi and Chongqing.Methods In four counties (districts) of Shanxi and Chongqing,local residents aged ≥ 18 who lived there for more than one year and had no plan to migrate to other areas in 2 years were surveyed through face to face questionnaire interviews to collect the information about their daily physical activity time,sedentary time,related knowledge and attitude,and others.Results The physical inactivity rate of the residents was 14.9％,and 88.7％ of residents never took daily physical activity.The average sedentary time was (3.91 ± 2.06) hours.The results of multivariate analysis showed that education level,per capita monthly income and activity degree were the factors influencing physical inactivity.Conclusion The proportion of people who never took daily physical activity in the survey area was higher than the average level in rural areas in China,so measures should be taken to improve the overall rate of physical activity.For people who have exercise willingness,but have no practice,and those who have already increased their physical activities,targeted guidance is needed on the basis of strengthened health education.
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Objective To analyze the causes of delayed hemorrhage after colonoscopic treatment in colorectal diseases and the value of second colonoscopic treatment.Methods A retrospective study was conducted on 45 patients with colorectal protrusion lesions (polyps,adenoma,early carcinoma and lipoma) in the Daping hospital of the Third Military medical University from January 2010 to December 2016.The patients suffered from delayed hemorrhage after argon knife coagulation,submucosal resection,submucosal dissection or nylon snares colonoscopic treatment.The mode and clinical outcome of second colonoscopic treatment were summarized by aiming at the reasonsof delayed hemorrhage.Results The predilection sites of delayed hemorrhage were in turn rectum (28.89 ％),sigmoid colon (24.44 ％) and ascending colon (22.22 ％).Adenoma and intraepithelial neoplasia lesions were easier to occurr (88.89 ％).The types of delayed hemorrhage were mainly blood oozing at the lesion resection wound surface as well as blood gushing or ejection.The second colonoscopic treatment modes in these cases were mainly titanium clipping and ring clipping and suturing.Five cases were treated by submucosal injection of adrenaline (1 ∶ 10 000) combined with argon knife coagulation.Thirtyfive cases conducted argon knife coagulationcombined with titanium clipping,3 cases conducted titanium clipping and 2 cases adopted ring clipping hemostasis.Forty-two cases stopped bleeding by once colonoscopic treatment,while 3 cases suffered from re-bleeding,the colonoscopic treatment was performed again,1 case stopped bleeding after using titanium clipping and ring clipping hemostasis again,while other 2 cases were transfered to the surgery department for conducting colectomy.All 43 cases of delayed hemorrhage in this group were cured and discharged after successful hemostasis by colonoscopy.The firm wound treatment after colonoscopic treatment was very important for preventing delayed hemorrhage,and the underlying diseases and postoperative diet management were also the important factors of delayed hemorrhage.Conclusion Timely second colonoscopic examination and treatment can obtain satisfactory clinical effects in the patients sufferring from delayed hemorrhage after colonoscopic treatment.
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Objective To understand the associations between extremely low and high air temperature and the years of life lost (YLL) due to diabetes deaths in Chongqing and Harbin with different climatic characteristics in China.Methods A double threshold B-spline distributed lag non-linear model (DLNM) was used to investigate the lag and cumulative effects of extremely low and high air temperature on YLL due to diabetes for lag 0-30 days by using the urban meteorological and diabetes mortality data of Chongqing (2011-2013) and Harbin (2008-2010).The effects were expressed as relative risk (RR).Results In Chongqing,the cold effects on YLL due to diabetes were delayed by four days and lasted for three days (lag4-6) with the highest RR of 1.304 (95％ CI:1.033-1.647) at lag5.The hot effects were delayed by one day (lagl) with RR of 1.321 (95％ CI:1.061-1.646).In Harbin,the extreme cold effects on YLL were delayed by four days and lasted for seven days (lag4-10) with the highest RR of 1.309 (95％CI:1.088-1.575) at lag6.The hot effects were delayed by one day and lasted for four days (lagl-4) with the highest RR of 1.460 (95％ CI:1.114-1.915) at lag2.The unit risk for cold and hot effects was 43.7％ (P=0.005 5) and 18.0％ (P=0.000 2) in Chongqing and 15.0％ (P=0.000 8) and 29.5％(P=0.001 2) in Harbin,respectively.Conclusions Both extremely low air temperature and extremely high air temperature might increase the years of life lost due to diabetes in cities with different climate characteristics.Health education about diabetes prevention should provide information about the effects of extreme weather events.
ABSTRACT
Objective To understand the associations between extremely low and high air temperature and the years of life lost (YLL) due to diabetes deaths in Chongqing and Harbin with different climatic characteristics in China.Methods A double threshold B-spline distributed lag non-linear model (DLNM) was used to investigate the lag and cumulative effects of extremely low and high air temperature on YLL due to diabetes for lag 0-30 days by using the urban meteorological and diabetes mortality data of Chongqing (2011-2013) and Harbin (2008-2010).The effects were expressed as relative risk (RR).Results In Chongqing,the cold effects on YLL due to diabetes were delayed by four days and lasted for three days (lag4-6) with the highest RR of 1.304 (95％ CI:1.033-1.647) at lag5.The hot effects were delayed by one day (lagl) with RR of 1.321 (95％ CI:1.061-1.646).In Harbin,the extreme cold effects on YLL were delayed by four days and lasted for seven days (lag4-10) with the highest RR of 1.309 (95％CI:1.088-1.575) at lag6.The hot effects were delayed by one day and lasted for four days (lagl-4) with the highest RR of 1.460 (95％ CI:1.114-1.915) at lag2.The unit risk for cold and hot effects was 43.7％ (P=0.005 5) and 18.0％ (P=0.000 2) in Chongqing and 15.0％ (P=0.000 8) and 29.5％(P=0.001 2) in Harbin,respectively.Conclusions Both extremely low air temperature and extremely high air temperature might increase the years of life lost due to diabetes in cities with different climate characteristics.Health education about diabetes prevention should provide information about the effects of extreme weather events.